Редактирование: Великан
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− | '''Великаны''' или '''гиганты''' ({{англ|giant}}) — разновидность | + | '''Великаны''' или '''гиганты''' ({{англ|giant}}) — разновидность монстров в ролевых играх, восходящая к мифологическим и фольклорным великанам (особенно скандинавским йотунам и хримтурсам). Внешне похожи на людей огромного роста, обладают чрезвычайно большой физической силой. |
− | == | + | == Великаны в D&D == |
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+ | === Dungeons & Dragons (1974—1976) === | ||
+ | Великаны были среди первых монстров, появившихся в ранних версиях игры. Уже в «белой коробке» (1974 год) описываются ставшие затем каноническими холмовой (hill giant), каменный (stone giant), морозный (frost giant), огненный (fire giant) и облачный (cloud giant) великаны<ref>[[Gary Gygax]], [[Dave Arneson]]. Dungeons & Dragons (3-Volume Set). [[TSR]], 1974.</ref>. В дополнении «[[Supplement I: Greyhawk|Greyhawk]]» (1975 год) появился штормовой великан (storm giant)<ref>Gary Gygax, [[Robert Kuntz]]. Supplement I: Greyhawk]]. TSR, 1975.</ref>. Приложение Supplement IV: [[Gods, Demi-gods & Heroes]] (1976 год) представило ряд великанов-NPC, большей частью заимствованных из скандинавской мифологии, среди которых Антеро Випунен (Antero Vipunen), Хюмир (Hymer), Хюрм (Hyrm), Мимир (Mimir), Моккеркалф (Mokkerkalfe), Стеркоддир (Sterkodder), Суртур (Surtur) и Вафтруднир (Vafthrunder), а также туманных великанов (mist giants) из [[Мельнибонэ]]<ref>Robert J. Kuntz, [[James M. Ward]]. Gods, Demi-gods & Heroes. TSR, 1976.</ref>. | ||
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+ | === Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 1st edition (1977—1988) === | ||
+ | Первое издание «Monster Manual» (1977 год) включало ту же шестёрку великанов (облачный, огненный, морозный, холмовой, каменный и штормовой)<ref>Gary Gygax. Monster Manual. TSR, 1977.</ref>. Каменный великан был описан в качестве класса персонажа в № 17 журнала «[[White Dwarf]]»<ref name="WD17">Pulsipher, Lewis (Feb/March 1980). «My Life as a Werebear». White Dwarf (Games Workshop) (17): 33.</ref>. В бестиарий «[[Fiend Folio]]» (1981 год) были включены туманный (fog giant, не путать с mist giant) и горный (mountain giant) великаны<ref>[[Don Turnbull]], ed. Fiend Folio. TSR, 1981.</ref>, а в первый «Monster Manual II» (1983) — заимствованные из кельтской мифологии меньшие по размеру родичи великанов [[фомориан]] (fomorian), [[фирболг]] (firbolg) и [[вербиг]] (verbeeg) <ref>Gygax, Gary. Monster Manual II. TSR, 1983.</ref>. В колонке «Dragon’s Bestiary» в № 119 журнала «[[Dragon]]» (март 1987 года) описывается лесной великан, или воадкин (voadkyn, wood giant). | ||
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+ | === Dungeons & Dragons (1977—1999) === | ||
+ | This edition of the D&D game included its own version of giants, in the ''[[Dungeons & Dragons Basic Set]]'' (1977), including the hill giant, the stone giant, the frost giant, the fire giant, the cloud giant, and the storm giant;<ref>[[Gary Gygax|Gygax, Gary]], and [[Dave Arneson]] [1974], edited by [[John Eric Holmes|J. Eric Holmes]]. ''Dungeons & Dragons Basic Set'' (TSR, 1977)</ref> these same giants also appeared in the ''[[Dungeons & Dragons Expert Set|Expert Set]]'' (1981 & 1983),<ref>[[Gary Gygax|Gygax, Gary]], and [[Dave Arneson]] [1974], edited by [[David Cook (game designer)|Dave Cook]]. ''Dungeons & Dragons Expert Set'' (TSR, 1981)</ref><ref>[[Gary Gygax|Gygax, Gary]], and [[Dave Arneson]] [1974], edited by [[Frank Mentzer]]. ''Dungeons & Dragons Set 2: Expert Rules'' (TSR, 1983)</ref> The '''mountain giant''' and the '''sea giant''' appear in the ''[[Dungeons & Dragons Master Rules]]'' (1985), in the «Master DM’s Book».<ref>[[Gary Gygax|Gygax, Gary]], [[Frank Mentzer]]. ''Dungeons & Dragons'' Set 4: Master Rules'' (TSR, 1985)</ref> The sea giant is presented as a playable character class in ''[[The Sea People]]'' (1990). Giants also appear in the ''Dungeons & Dragons Rules Cyclopedia'' (1991), including the hill giant, the stone giant, the frost giant, the fire giant, the cloud giant, the storm giant, the mountain giant, and the sea giant.<ref>[[Aaron Allston|Allston, Aaron]], [[Steven Schend|Steven E. Schend]], [[Jon Pickens]], and Dori Watry. ''[[Dungeons & Dragons Rules Cyclopedia]]'' (TSR, 1991)</ref> The cloud giant, fire giant, frost giant, hill giant, stone giant, and storm giant also appear in the ''[[Dungeons & Dragons Game (1991 boxed set)|Dungeons & Dragons Game]]'' set (1991), and the ''Classic Dungeons & Dragons Game'' set (1994). | ||
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+ | === Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 2nd edition (1989—1999) === | ||
+ | Giants appear throughout the 2nd edition ''Monstrous Compendium'' series. Giants appear first in the ''Monstrous Compendium Volume One'' (1989), including the cloud giant, the fire giant, the frost giant, the hill giant, the stone giant, and the storm giant.<ref>[[David "Zeb" Cook|Cook, David]], et al. ''Monstrous Compendium Volume One'' ([[TSR, Inc.|TSR]], [[1989]])</ref> '''Giant-kin''' appear in the ''Monstrous Compendium Volume Two'' (1989), including the '''[[Cyclops (Dungeons & Dragons)|cyclops]]''', the firbolg, the fomorian, and the verbeeg.<ref>[[David "Zeb" Cook|Cook, David]], et al. ''Monstrous Compendium Volume Two'' ([[TSR, Inc.|TSR]], [[1989]])</ref> Two more giant-kin, the '''[[voadkyn]]''' and the '''spriggan''', appear in the ''Monstrous Compendium Greyhawk Appendix'' (1990).<ref>Breault, Mike, ed, et al. ''Greyhawk Monstrous Compendium Appendix'' (TSR, [[1990]])</ref> The '''spacesea giant''' appears in the first ''Monstrous Comprndium Spelljammer Appendix'' (1990).<ref>[[Jeff Grubb|Grubb, Jeff]], et al. ''[[Monster Manual#2nd Edition Advanced Dungeons & Dragons|Monstrous Compendium Spelljammer Appendix]]'' (TSR, [[1990]])</ref> Three '''Zakharan giants''', including the '''desert giant''', the '''jungle giant''', and the '''reef giant''' appear in the ''Monstrous Compendium Al-Qadim Appendix'' (1992).<ref>[[Wolfgang Baur|Baur, Wolfgang]] and Steve Kurtz. ''Monstrous Compendium Al-Qadim Appendix'' ([[TSR, Inc.|TSR]], 1992)</ref> The fog giant appears in the ''Monstrous Compendium Fiend Folio Appendix'' (1992). The firbolg giant-kin and the voadkyn giant-kin are detailed as playable character races in ''The [[Complete Book of Humanoids]]'' (1993),<ref>[[Bill Slavicsek|Slavicsek, Bill]]. ''The [[Complete Book of Humanoids]]'' (TSR, [[1993]])</ref> | ||
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+ | Many of these giants are reprinted in the ''Monstrous Manual'' (1993), including the cloud giant, the cyclops, the desert giant, the '''[[Ettin (Dungeons & Dragons)|ettin]]''', the firbolg, the fire giant, the fog giant, the formorian, the frost giant, the hill giant, the jungle giant, the mountain giant, the reef giant, the stone giant, the storm giant, the verbeeg, and the wood giant (voadkyn).<ref>Stewart, Doug, ed. ''Monstrous Manual'' (TSR, [[1993]])</ref> | ||
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+ | The '''beasthead Athasian giant''' and the '''humanoid Athasian giant''' first appeared in the original ''Dark Sun Campaign Setting'' (1991).<ref>[[Timothy Brown (game designer)|Brown, Timothy]]. ''Dark Sun Campaign Setting'' ([[TSR, Inc.]], 1991)</ref> The beasthead Athasian giant, the '''desert Athasian giant''', and the '''plains Athasian giant''' appeared in the ''Monstrous Compendium Dark Sun Appendix: Terrors of Athas'' (1992). The beasthead Athasian giant, the desert Athasian giant, and the plains Athasian giant were later repinted in the [[Dark Sun Campaign Setting, Expanded and Revised|expanded and revised ''Dark Sun Campaign Setting'']] (1995)<ref>[[Bill Slavicsek|Slavicsek, Bill]]. ''Dark Sun Campaign Setting, Expanded and Revised'' (TSR, Inc., 1995)</ref> The '''shadow giant''' appeared in the ''Dark Sun Monstrous Compendium Appendix II: Terrors Beyond Tyr'' (1995).<ref>[[Anne Gray McCready|McCready, Anne Gray]]. ''Dark Sun Monstrous Compendium Appendix II: Terrors Beyond Tyr'' (TSR, Inc., 1995)</ref> The '''crag giant''' first appeared in ''The Wanderers Chronicle: [[Mind Lords of the Last Sea]]'' (1996),<ref>Forbeck, Matt. ''The Wanderers Chronicle: Mind Lords of the Last Sea'' (TSR, Inc., 1996)</ref> and was reprinted in ''Monstrous Compendium Annual Volume Four'' (1998). | ||
− | + | The '''[[athach]]''' and the '''hephaeston''' appear in the ''Monstrous Compendium Mystara Appendix'' (1994). | |
− | + | The book ''Giantcraft'' (1995) described the giants of the [[Forgotten Realms]] [[campaign setting]] in detail.<ref>Winninger, Ray. ''[[Giantcraft]]'' (TSR, [[1995]])</ref> | |
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− | + | Several giants for the [[Dragonlance]] campaign setting appeared in ''Dragon'' #256 (February 1999), including the '''cave lords''', the '''desolation giants''', and the '''earth giants'''. | |
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− | === | + | === Dungeons & Dragons 3.0 edition (2000—2002) === |
− | + | Giants appear in the Monster Manual for this edition (2000), where they are presented as a [[Creature type (Dungeons & Dragons)|type of creature]]. Giants appearing in this book include the cloud giant, the fire giant, the frost giant, the hill giant, the stone giant, and the storm giant.<ref>[[Monte Cook|Cook, Monte]], [[Jonathan Tweet]], and [[Skip Williams]]. ''[[Monster Manual]]'' ([[Wizards of the Coast]], [[2000]])</ref> | |
− | + | The fog giant and the '''phaerlin giant''' appear in the ''Monstrous Compendium: Monsters of Faerûn'' (2001) for the Forgotten Realms setting.<ref>[[James Wyatt (game designer)|Wyatt, James]] and Rob Heinsoo. ''Monstrous Compendium: Monsters of Faerûn'' ([[Wizards of the Coast]], 2001)</ref> | |
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− | + | The '''forest giant''', the '''ocean giant''', and the '''sun giant''' appeared in this edition’s ''Monster Manual II'' (2002).<ref>Bonny, Ed, [[Jeff Grubb]], Rich Redman, [[Skip Williams]], and [[Steve Winter]]. ''Monster Manual II'' (Wizards of the Coast, [[2002]])</ref> | |
− | + | The '''Jotunheim frost giant''' and the '''Muspelheim fire giant''' appear in ''[[Deities and Demigods]]'' (2002) for this edition.<ref>Redman, Rich, [[Skip Williams]], and [[James Wyatt (game designer)|James Wyatt]]. ''[[Deities and Demigods]]'' (Wizards of the Coast, [[2002]])</ref> | |
− | + | ''Savage Species'' (2003) presented the fire giant, the frost giant, and the stone giant as both races and playable classes.<ref>Eckelberry, David, Rich Redman, and Jennifer Clarke Wilkes. ''[[Savage Species]]'' (Wizards of the Coast, [[2003]])</ref> | |
− | + | The '''bog giant''' and the '''shadow giant''' appear in the ''Fiend Folio'' (2003) for this edition.<ref>Cagle, Eric, [[Jesse Decker]], [[James Jacobs (game designer)|James Jacobs]], [[Erik Mona]], Matt Sernett, Chris Thomasson, and [[James Wyatt (game designer)|James Wyatt]]. ''[[Fiend Folio]] ([[Wizards of the Coast]], [[2003]])</ref> | |
− | + | === Dungeons & Dragons 3.5 edition (2003—2007) === | |
+ | Giants appear in the revised Monster Manual for this edition (2003), including the cloud giant, the fire giant, the frost giant and the '''frost giant jarl''', the hill giant, the stone giant, and the storm giant. The '''hill giant dire wereboar''' appears as a sample creature under the '''lycanthrope''' entry. | ||
− | + | The '''death giant''', the '''eldritch giant''' and '''eldritch giant confessor''', and the '''sand giant''' and '''sand giant champion''' first appear in ''Monster Manual III'' (2004).<ref>[[Rich Burlew|Burlew, Rich]], ''et al.''. ''[[Monster Manual III]]'' ([[Wizards of the Coast]], [[2004]])</ref> | |
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− | + | The '''frost giant mauler''', the '''frost giant spiritspeaker''', and the '''frost giant tundra scout''' appear in ''Frostburn: Mastering the Perils of Ice and Snow'' (2004).<ref>Baur, Wolfgang, [[James Jacobs (game designer)|James Jacobs]], and George Strayton. ''[[Frostburn]]'' (Wizards of the Coast, 2004)</ref> | |
− | + | The '''craa’ghoran giant''' appears in the ''Monster Manual IV'' (2006).<ref>Kestrel, Gwendolyn F.M. ''[[Monster Manual]] IV'' (Wizards of the Coast, 2006)</ref> | |
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− | + | === Dungeons & Dragons 4th edition (2008-) === | |
+ | Giants appear in the Monster Manual for this edition (2008), including '''death giants''' (the '''death giant''' and the '''death titan'''), '''earth giants''' (the '''hill giant''' and the '''earth titan'''), '''fire giants''' (the '''fire giant''', the '''fire giant forgecaller''', and the '''fire titan'''), and '''storm giants''' (the '''storm giant''' and the '''storm titan'''). Giant is no longer a creature type; instead, giants belong to the humanoid type. Giants generally have the ''natural'' origin, however '''death giants''' and '''death titans''' have the shadow origin, and '''earth''', '''fire''' and '''storm titans''' have the ''elemental'' origin.<ref>Mearls, Mike, Stephen Schubert, and James Wyatt. ''[[Monster Manual]]'' ([[Wizards of the Coast]], 2008)</ref> | ||
− | + | The ''Dungeons & Dragons'' 4th edition ''Player’s Handbook 2'' also introduced the playable character race of the Goliaths (originally found in ''[[Races of Stone]]''). These stone-skinned mountain dwellers are larger than regular races, and have giant ancestry. | |
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− | + | The stone giant appeared in the ''Monster Manual 2'' (2009). | |
=== Описание === | === Описание === | ||
− | + | All giants have low-light vision. As a group, they have no other special abilities or immunities. | |
− | + | [[Dwarf (Dungeons & Dragons)|Dwarves]] have a bonus to their armor class against attacks from creatures of the giant type, due to their experience with fighting these oversized foes. | |
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− | + | === Истинные великаны === | |
− | + | There are six types of classic «true giant» in the core ''Dungeons & Dragons'' game: | |
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− | + | * '''Cloud Giant''': A giant race that believes itself superior to all other giants (save for storm giants). Usually [[Alignment (Dungeons & Dragons)#Neutral Good|neutral good]] or [[neutral evil]]. [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1024] | |
− | * ''' | + | * '''Fire giant''': A militaristic giant that looks somewhat like a huge dwarf. Based on [[Jötunn]] and [[Surtr]]. Usually [[lawful evil]]. [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1031] |
− | * ''' | + | * '''Frost giant''': A giant who lives in areas frozen year-round and participates in raids. Based on [[Jötunn#Origins|rime (frost) giant]]. Usually [[chaotic evil]]. [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1037] |
− | + | * '''Hill giant''': A selfish giant inhabiting hilly regions. Usually [[chaotic evil]]. [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1042] | |
− | * ''' | + | * '''Stone giant''': A shy giant that is nevertheless dangerous when aroused to anger. Usually neutral. [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1047] |
− | + | * '''Storm giant''': A gentle giant that lives mainly on cloud islands. Usually [[chaotic good]]. [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1048] | |
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− | + | === Другие существа Dungeons & Dragons с типом "Великан" === | |
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* [[Циклоп]] | * [[Циклоп]] | ||
* [[Эттин]] | * [[Эттин]] | ||
Строка 90: | Строка 77: | ||
* [[Тролль]] | * [[Тролль]] | ||
− | ''' | + | === Великаны из разных источников === |
+ | * '''Craa’Ghoran Giant''': Rare stone giant offshoots created when earth elemental energy warped and twisted their ancestors. They can glide and walk right through stone like Earth Elementals and raise walls of stone from the ground with their supernatural powers. They resemble tanned, bestial and deformed versions of stone giants. | ||
+ | * '''Desert giant''' | ||
+ | * '''Death giant''' | ||
+ | * '''Eldritch giant''': Powerful scions of arcane lore, these ancient giants spend their years seeking out fragments of knowledge. Though selfish and cruel, they are smart enough to bargain fairly when they must and perceptive enough to know that open conflict distracts them from their studies. They hate Storm Giants, though they are too involved with their pursuit of magical power to bother fighting other creatures. Eldritch Giants resemble burly but serious and wise looking Storm Giants. They have purple skin. This skin is covered with tattoos and runes. Unlike most giants, they are quite good and capable of casting spells and other magic. | ||
+ | * '''Fog giant'''<ref name="MoF">[[James Wyatt (game designer)|Wyatt, James]] and Rob Heinsoo. ''Monstrous Compendium: Monsters of Faerun'' ([[Wizards of the Coast]], 2001).</ref> [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1035] | ||
+ | * '''Forest Giant''': An [[Elf (Dungeons & Dragons)|elfin]] giant that is amongst the tallest species of giant. | ||
+ | * '''Jungle giant''' [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1043] | ||
+ | * '''Mountain Giant''': A brute that is amongst the largest species of giant, and loves to squash people under boulders. [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1044] | ||
+ | * '''Ocean Giant''': A [[Merfolk (Dungeons & Dragons)|merfolk]]-like giant that can assume a more humanoid form to walk on land. | ||
+ | * '''Phaerlin Giant'''<ref name="MoF" /> | ||
+ | * '''Reef giant''' [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1046] | ||
+ | * '''Sand giant''' | ||
+ | * '''Sun Giant''': A grim, nomadic desert-dwelling giant that survives by raising livestock. | ||
+ | * '''Wood Giant''' [http://heroesonly.com/monstrousdb/monster/1051] | ||
+ | * '''Other giants''': When turned to life as incarnate constructs, Large sized or larger artificial humanoids, such as [[Golem (Dungeons & Dragons)|golems]], are defined as giants. | ||
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+ | === Родичи великанов === | ||
+ | Giant-kin are large [[humanoid]]s related to the 'true' giants. The mythology of the ''[[Forgotten Realms]]'' has it that the mother of all giants, Othea, cheated on her unfaithful husband, Annam, the father of giants, with [[Ulutiu]]. Othea and Ulutiu sired the four giant-kin [[Character race (Dungeons & Dragons)|races]]: [[Firbolg (Dungeons & Dragons)|Firbolgs]], [[Verbeeg]]s, [[Voadkyn]], and [[Fomorian (Dungeons & Dragons)|Fomorians]]. Othea also conceived the [[Ogre (Dungeons & Dragons)|ogre]] and [[Troll (Dungeons & Dragons)|troll]] races with [[Vaprak]]. | ||
== Великаны в других ролевых играх == | == Великаны в других ролевых играх == | ||
{{заготовка раздела}} | {{заготовка раздела}} | ||
− | == | + | == Примечания == |
− | {{примечания}} | + | {{примечания|2}} |
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[[Категория:Великаны]] | [[Категория:Великаны]] |